Biodiversity hotspots are regions of the world that are considered to be exceptionally rich in biodiversity and contain a high number of endemic species (species that are found nowhere else). These hotspots are characterized by high levels of species diversity, as well as high levels of threat due to human activities such as deforestation, habitat destruction, and climate change. The concept of biodiversity hotspots was developed by conservation biologist Norman Myers in the 1980s as a way to prioritize conservation efforts and protect areas that are most in need of protection. Currently, there are 36 designated biodiversity hotspots around the world, including regions such as the Amazon Rainforest, the Coral Triangle, and the Western Ghats. Conservation efforts in biodiversity hotspots typically focus on preserving and restoring habitat, preventing species extinction, and promoting sustainable development practices in order to protect the unique plant and animal species that inhabit these regions. By protecting biodiversity hotspots, scientists and conservationists hope to not only protect individual species, but also maintain ecosystem function and promote overall ecosystem health.